Motor-vehicle.



No. 820,444. PATENTED MAY 15, 1906. H. W. SOUTHWORTH.

MGTOR VEHICLE.

APPLIGATIGii FILED AUG. 16, 1904.

V SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES V if if 2 151V T01? ra V 7* Q No. 820,444. PATENTEB MAY 15, 1906. H. w. SDUTHWORTH.

MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 16, 1904.

WITNESSES" [NVENTUR A TTOR Y5 'tion, suc

turbine, showin HQRATIO W. soornwosrn. or MITliNEAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MOTOR-VEHICLE.

No. 820,444. Specification of Application filed August 16,

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Rosario W. SOUTH WORTH, residing at Mittinea no, in the county of Harnpden and State 0 Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Imroveinents in Motor-Vehicles, of which the ollowin is a full, clear, and exact descripas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to motor-vehicles and the means of propulsion thereof.

One of the objects is to provide in a motor vehicle independent sources of power for use under varying conditions of running. i

Another object is to provide a motor-vehicle inwhich a turbine may strongiy end es ficiently be mounted upon the exlethereof;

Another object is to provide a construction of the above nature in which the harmful efl'ects'of expansion of the scverai arts due to the heat of the turbine is neutra ized.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,cmnbinetions of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction herein described and the see c of the a plication of which will be indicated in t e following claims. 7

In the accompanying drawings,which illustrete two of various possibleemhodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a motor vehicle provided with a turbine mounted in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the some, showing a turbine mounted io'a similar manner on the rear axle. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of a motororehicle embodying my invention in a slightly-diii'erent manner. Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of e preferred type of turbine showing smiling-hence and dust-protectors upon the some. Fig. 5 is a cross-section showing the same taken on the line :11 as of Fig. 4, part of the head thereof being broken away. Fig. 6 is an end .view of a portion of 9.

(r a slightly-different nielnner". of connecting the same with the running goarof a vehicle. H Similar reference characters refer tosi'iniier parts throu hout' the several views; f

It may here be noted that among themost serious obstacles-to the mounting of a Letters Patent.

1904- Boris-1H0. 220,956-

Patented May 15, 1906.

pension of the parts connecting the same to the running-gear and the harmful results fromthe drawing of dust and dirt into the stoning-boxes upon the cooling of the same. This invention aims, broadly, to remedy these and other defects by equalizing the cxpan sion of the several connecting parts and by the use of exterior dust-guards and the severel other features hereinafter described. Arr exanipie of construct-ions by which the shove "ohjectsrnay be accomplished is shown in the ianco'nipenying drawings.

' Referrin' now to Fig. 1, the wheels A are fixed'at cit er end to the exleB, and extending over each wheel and resting upon the axle at either side thereof are arch-shaped supports 1. Detachabiy connecting the inner portions of these supports, as by flanges 2 and bolts 3, is a cross-bar 4, at the central portion of which is formed the iower member 5 of a fifth-wheel. V Mounted above this crossbar is What may be termed a spring-bar 6, having en upper fifth n wheel member 7 formed thereon or secured thereto at its central portion. Vehicle-body C is mounted u on spring-hero by means of springsfi, w ich are secured thereto by means of the nuts 8. The springs herein shown are of the" longitudinal type, which has been found to he 7 peculiarly edapted to this construction; but 8 other forms of spring-gear may be used, if desired. It Will thus he seen that the weight of the vehicle is transmitted to the axle at points closely adjacent the wheels and the bendin or springing of the same reduced to a nuni- 9o mum. 1 r

Centraily positioned upon axle Bis a turbine E, the construction of one form of which is shown in Fig.4. The several cores 9, 1G, and Ii are keyed to axle B and are pro ortioned insizc substantially as shown. urrounding these cores are cases 12, i3, and 14, which are rigidly scoured one to another by means of'pholts 15 passing through the pro- 'jectiifig flanges thereof. lhese cases form the shell. of the turbine. The end waiis of the cases are 'ournalcdupon eagle B hynieans oif suitable hearings oiid the'customary 'bledes or fans are fornied npon the outer snrfaces' oi the several cores and theinner' 1 o 5 surfaces of the corresponding cases 111 a wellhnown manner. as indicated at 16 and 17, rc-

speritively. Surrounding these shelis is a casing or iacket 18, which has two heads 19 turbine in a. motor-vehicle are unequal exand 20. These heads are provided with no stoning-boxes, of which, as they arelidenti cal, one only will be described. Upon the head 19 is formed an outwardly-pro'ecting flanged collar 21, between which and t e axle of felt or similar material and snugly fitted.

about the axle. This collar may be compressed toany 'desired extent by reasoniof 20 the threaded connection between ring and sleeve 23 and may readily be"removed in an obvious manner.-

Bolted to the heads of turbine E are braces 28, which are forked, so as to extend about cross-bar 4, and the upper endsof which lie within sockets 28", secured to the inner sides of supports 1. A metallic spring or other elastic packing is preferably inserted in socket28 to take up lost motion and pre- 0 vent rattling, and the braces. are sopr'o ortioned in length that upon being he'a'te by the turbine under normal running conditions they compress the spring or packing 'to its fullest extent.

29, which are secured thereto and to radial braces 29 by meansof belts or rivets 30.-

The inner ends of the braces are bent or flanged; as shown, an

with the cases 2l2 and 14, thus prev'entin any relative movement between the she and the casing or lagging surroundingthe same. Straps 29 extend upwardly, as shown, and around the cross-bar 4, preventing any 5 relativelater'al movement of the turbine withrespect thereto.

a The straps 29 are so formed and ositio'ned. with relation to the turbine that t e expansion within the same between the axle B and the cross-bar 4 is substantially equal one to the other and to that within arched sup orts 1 between the corresponding parts and due to the sameefi'ect. It will be noted that in this way the harmful effects of unequal expension of the several connections between the axle and running-gear and consequent stress upon thc-p'artsand tendency to spring and cut the axle is neutralized.

Steam or other fluid under pressure is su 6o plied to the turbine by means ofa flexib e connectionil, which may be of any desired f0rmas, for example, wire-wound, hose. From the inlet 32 the steam is led through a valve 33 to the high-pressure Steam-port 34 Wit in this ring Casing 1'8 is encircled ateach end by straps rigidly connected tween the same and the bod and thence ina direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4,130 theexhaustort 35 of the- .high-pressure chest.

From t is. point the steam is led back through a passage (shown. in dotted lines in Fig. 4) to the connection 36, whichconducts the same to valve 37. The steam or other fluid is led through the intermediate'and low-pressure chest 1118. manner substantially identical with that described in relation to the hi h-pressure chest and is exhausted at 38, fro which point it may be conducted by afiexible' connection 39' to a condenser or mufller, if .desired. The precifie construction of the valve mechanism a ove mentioned will not be shown or deseveralparts inclos'ed within the same more closely. casing is reduced and 'thewasteful radiation In this way the air resistance of the of heat minimized. At th'e'lower side of the casing 17 is aboss 40, having a threaded projection or pin 4'1,

projecting downwardly therefrom at apint 'directly'under the center of the fifth-w eel; .Secured to this-"pin by means of nut 42 is a brace 43, which extends rearwardly and may be pivotall .fastened to the vehicle-body in an desire manner.

n Fi 2 is shown the rearaxle construction of t e above vehicle, which differs from the above chiefly in the form of turbine used,

scribed, as it forms no part of the resentin- 8o 'vention, and any desired form 0 the. same IOU and that the springs D, upon which the verectly upon the cross-bar 41' This constructionv is allowable with referenc'e to the rear axle, as no relative rotary 'movement beis necessary. In this embodiment adjusta le radius-rods 44 are pivotally secured to the bodv and to sleeves 45 uoon the axle and perform the functions of brace 43 in the front-axle constiuction in maintaining the proper relative position of the axle and permitting free movement of the body with relation thereto. The construction and mounting ofthe rearaxle turbine is otherwise substantially the same as that described with reference to the front axle; but this turbine is preferably so constructed, as by a different angle of blades or in any other desired manner, as to run with a greater power and less speed than that upon the front axle. The advantage of this feature should be largely obvious. as it is well known that in order to obtain the maximum economy of running under some road conditions, as in hill-climbing, it is often C03- sary that the speed of the motive power hicle-body is. supported, are mounted 'di- 4o scribed embodiment.

should be decreased and the force with which the parts thereof move correspondingly increased.

In Fig. 3 is shown a slightly-different embodiment of my invention, which is pecustruction the body F is mounted, by means ofsprin s'G, upon t e outer ends of a cross-bar 46, w ich in turn is so ported by means of straps 47 and 48. A ustable radius-rods "are pivotally connected to the body and to sleeves. upon the axle in this construction also. Itwill be understood in connection with this and the above-described embodi ment that suitable reaches or other stiliening members may be used between the crossbars, if desired. The turbine in this construction is substantially identical with that before described, andthe straps 47 and 48 are so formed and positioned as to have equal expansion u on the heating thereof by means of the tur )ine.

In Fig. 6'is shown a connection between a cross-bar 49 and a supporting-strap 50, whereby the former is engaged by a member 51, having a downwardly-extending"socket 52. An upwardly projectin lug 53 is formed on strap 50, positions within this socket, and any slight movement between the cross-bar-and the casing of the turbine will be permitted by reason of this connection. It will also be noted that in this man ner the harmful climate of unequal expansion of thesupportin -straps is avoided. It will be obvious that this construction is not adaptcd for use in connection with the last-de- The 0 eration of m invention should be largely o vious and wi lbe described with relation to the embodiment thereof shown in Figs. 1 and 2*. Upon the steam entering through flexible 1pc 31 and valve 33 it passes through t e first or bi h-pressure chest of the turbine and thence t rough the valve to the steam end of the intermediate core of the turbine. Passing through this section in a manner substantially the same as that before described, the steam passes throu h the second valve and the low-pressure (lieSt and is'exhausted through pi es 38 and 39, as above described. Any esired form of condenser or mu'filer may be usedin connection with this invention, as the same forms no part thereof.

It will thus be seen that I have provided apparatus whereby a turbine Ina be securely and efllciently mounted-,direct'y upon the front axle of a vehicle and yet none of the freedom of movement of the same sacrificed.

It will also be noted that in this construction the equalization of the expansion of the several parts will prevent any undue stress tending to lift or depress the stufling-box against the axle and result in the cutting or springing of the latter.

The value of the feature of having two turbines of different construction upon different axles of a vehicle, Whereb thev speed and ower thereof may be varie without an adustment of either source of power, shou d be largely obvious. It may here be noted that theadditional turbine acts as a safeguard a ains't the'disabling of the vehicle by reason 01 the breaking down of the other.

The construction of the dust-protectors, whereby the dirt and dust; which 13 unavoidable in a construction of this type, is not only excluded from the interior parts of the mechanism, but is also prevented from entering the stalling-boxes thereof, has marked advantages over structures now in use. v It will also be noted that the shape of the lagging, whereby undue size and consequent air resistance is avoided and yet complete protection for the turbine and the connections between the several ar'ts of the same is maintained, is highly ac vantag'eous and conduces' to economy in steam consumption.

The several parts used are simple and eas ily assembled, and the entire mechanism is inex ensive and may be applied to vehicles now in use with few alterations.

B the word turbine as used throughout the ollowing claims is meant any rotary nonrecaprocating engine driven by an elastic It is to be understood that the steering of the vehicle herein described may be accomplished in any desired manneras, for example by means of a chain attached to the axle at both sides of the pivotal connection and led about a sprocket-wheel mounted within the vehiolc body.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of my invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, I intend that all matter contained in the above description and allv shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. I desire it also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the see c of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

loo

aving describcdmy invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure byLe'tters Patent, is

'1. In combination, an axle, a non-reciproeating enginemounted thereon, "a cross-bar above said axle, wheels on said axle; and

means on porting said cross bar on said axle at boar sidesof each ofsaid wheels, said engine passing betweensaid crossar and -said axle.

2. In, combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, a cross-bar above said axle,

wheels on said axle, and means supportin said cross-bar on said axle at both sides said wheels.-

3. In combination, an axle, a'turbine mounted'u on said axle, a 'cross bar above said axle, w eels on-said axle, and means sup porting said cross-bar on said axle at points adjacent said wheels, said" turbine passing between said axle and said cross-bar. 4. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, a cross-bar above'said axle, wheels on said axle, and means supportin said cross-baron said axle'at both sides 0 .each of said wheels, said'turbine being connected to said cross-bar.

5. In combination, an axle, wheels mounted thereon, su portingmembers extending over said whee s and resting on said axle at either .side' thereof, a cross-bar detachably connecting said supporting mefnbers, and a source of power adapted to drive said wheels.

6. In combination, a'n axle,"wheels mounted. thereon, su porting members extending over said whee s and resting on said axle at,

either side thereof, a cross bar detachabl-y connecting said supporting members, and a source of power mounted on said axle.

7. In combination, an axle, a vehicle runnin g.ear, asource of heat mounted adjacent sai axle, and a pluralit of connections between said axle and sai running-gear, 'each eonnection'bein so proportioned and related to the associate parts and to said source of heat as'to increase and diminish the distance between the arts of the axle and the.run-

sociated parts and to said source of heat so as to increase and .diminish' the distance be.- tween the arts ofthe axle and of said crossbar with w 'ch they are connected under the varying influence of said source of heat in a substantially equal degree.

9. In combination, an axle, vehicle running-gear, a source of heat mounted on said axle, and a plurality of connections between said axle and, runnln -gear, each connection being so proportions and related to the associated parts and to said source of heat as to increhse and diminish the distancebetween the parts of the axle and of said runnin -gear with which they are connected under t e varying influence of said source of heat in a substantially equal degree.

In combination, an axle, a turbine ningear, wit which they are connected un'-- mounted thereon, and dust-protectors mounted on said axle at points outside said turbine. 11. Incombination an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, stufling-boxeson said turbine, and dust-protectors mounted on said axle at points outside said stuffing-boxes.

12. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, stuffing-boxes at each end of said turbine, sleeves adapted to vary the ressure upon the packing in said stuffingoxes, and collars secured to said sleeves and adapted to. retain dust-excluding means in operative position on said axlej 13. In a motor-vehicle,in combination, a plurality of axles, and a turbine mounted on each of said axles, each turbine bein ada ted to run ata speed different from t e at ers when'all .of said turbines are working at a maximum of efliciency.

14 Incombination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon having a plurality of chambers, connections between said chambers outside the shell of said turbine, and an outer casing adapted to cover said shell and said connections. 15 In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon having a plurality of chambers, connections between said chambers outside the shell of said turbine, and an outer casing fitting said shell and having an outward projectlon inclosing said connections.

16. In-combination, an axle, a source of power connected therewith,. a crossbar mounted above said axle, wheels on said axle,

=means supporting said cross-bar on said axle at both sides of each of said wheels, a vehiclebody mounted on said cross-bar, and flexible connections between said body and said source of power.

' 17. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon,a cross-bar above said axle,

wheels on: said'axle, means supporting said cross-bar on said axle atboth sides of each of said wheels, a-vehicle-body mounted upon said cross-bar, and flexible connections between said body and said turbine.

-18. In combination, an axle, wheels mounted thereon, su porting members extending over said whee s and resting on said axle at either side of'ea'cliof the same, a cross-bar detachably connecting said supporting members, a turbine mounted on said axle, and an extensible connection between said turbine and said cross-bar.

19. In combination, an axle, wheels on said axle, a cross-bar mounted adjacent said axle and sup ported thereon at eachiside of each of said wheels, a source of heat mounted ad a cent said axle, and aplurality of connections between said axle-and said cross-bar, each con-j nevtion being. so proportioned and related to the associated parts and to said source of heat as't'o increase and diminish the distance be tween the parts ofthe axle and of the armssaid axle,

. etruction mounted bar withwhich it is connected under the varying influence of said source. of heat in a substantially equal degree.

2Q. in combination, an axle, e turbine mounted thereon, dust-protectors mounted on said axle at points outside said turbine, wheels on said axle, a cross-bar above said axle, and means su porting. said cross-bar on said axleat both sides of each of said wheels.

21. in a motor-vehicle, in combination, a plurality of axles, a turbine of different construction mounted upon each of said axles, a cross-bar mounted above one of said axles, Wheels on said axle, and means supporting said cross-bar on said axle at both sides of each of said wheels. V V

22. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon having a plurality of chain bers, connections between said chambers outside theshell of said turbine, an outer casing fitting said shell and having an outward projection extending over said connections, a cross-bar above said axle, wheels on said axle, and means supporting said cross-bar on said axle at both sides of each of said wheels.

23. In combination, an axle, a: vehicle runrung-gear, a turbine mounted on said axle, dust-protectors on said axle at points outside of said turbine, and a pluralit of connections between said axle and sai running-gear, each connection being so progortioned and relatedto the associated parts ahd to said turbine as to increase and diminish the distance between the parts of the axle and of said run ning geer with which they are connected un: der the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree.

24. In. combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, dust-protectors on said axle at points outside said turbine, wheels on;

a cross-bar adjacent said axle sup orted thereon at both sides of each of sai Wheels, and a plurality of connections between said axle and said cross-bar, each eonncction being so proportioned and related to the associated parts and to said tnrhiueas to increase and diminish the distance between the parts of the axle and of-saidcrcss-bar with which" they are connected under the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree, V

' 25. In a motor-velncleflrr sombrea'tion, a plurality of axles, a turbine of difierent conupon each of said axles wheels on said axles, a, crese bar mounte u on one of said axles at both sides of said w eels, and a plurality of connections between said axle and said cross-bar, each connection being so the associated ts and to said turbine as to increase and iminish the distance between the parts of the axle and of said cross-bar with which they are connected under the varyinginfiuence of the heat of saidturbine in a suhstantia'lly equal degree.

26.. ln'a notor-vehicle, in combination, a nluralitjr of axles, a turbine ofdifi'ercnt construction mounted upon each of said axles, each turbinehaving a plurality of chambers, connections between said chambers outside the shell of'one turbine, an outer casing fitting said shell and having an outward projcction extending over said connections, and a cross-bar mounted adjacent one of said axles and sup jorted thereon at both sides of each of said W reels.

27. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon having a plurality of chambers, connections between said chambers outside the sh ll of said turbine, an outer casing outward'groiection extending over said connections, dust-protectors mounted on said struction mounted proportioned and related to at points outside of said turbine and adapted to Jccact therewith, a tress-bar mounted adjacent said axle, and a plurality of connections between said axle and said cross-Banach connection'being so proportionedjand related to the associated parts and tesaid turbine as to increase and imi'ni'sh the distance between the parts of the axle and of said cross-bar with which the are connected under the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree.

in a motor-vehicle, in combination, a ii-ldrality oi axles, a turbine of different conupon each of said axles dnstprotectors on said axles outside of said tuxbines and adapted to coast therewith, wheels on said axles, a cross-bar adjacent one di'iiof said wheels, and

1,, a plurality of coninectionsihetween"said axle and said crossbar each connection being so proportioned sndrelated to the associated parts and to said turbine as to increase and diminish the distance between the parts of the axle and of said cross-bar with which they are'connecte under the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree. -29. In combination, an axle, a turbine mounted thereon, dust-protectors on said axleoutside ofsaid turbine and ads. ted to coast therewith, said turbine being ivided twecn seid' ohainbers outside the'shellof said turbine, an outer casing. fitting said turbine and having aissntward rejection extending over said connections, w eels oh said axle, a crosssharadj'aeentsaid axle and supported thereon at hnth sides ofeach of and Wheels anda lnrality of connections between sai axle and said cross-bar, each connection being seproportioned and related to the associated parts and to said turbine as to increase *efisdid axles and supported thereon at both fitting the shell of said turbine and having an into a pluralityofchambers, connections be-V;

and diminish the distance between the parts of said axle and of said cross-bar with which they are connected under the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree,

30. In a motor-vehicle, in combination, a plurality of axles, a turbine of difierent construction mounted upon each of said axles, dust-protectors on said axles at points outside of one turbine and adapted to coact therewith, said turbine comprising a plurality of chambers, connections between said chambers outside the shell of said turbine, an outer casing fitting the shell of said turbine and having an outward projection adapted to extend over said connections, wheels on said axles, a cross-bar mounted adjacent one of said axles and support-ed thereon at points adjacent each of said wheels, and a plurality of connections between said axle and said cross-bar, each connection being so proportioned and relatedto the associated parts and to said turbine as to increase and diminish the distance between the parts of the axle and of said cross-bar with which they are connected under the varying influence of the heat of said turbine in a substantially equal degree.

31. In a motor-vehicle, in combination, a vehiclebody, an axle, a turbine mounted on said axle, and vertically-alined pivotal connections between said axle and said vehicle body 32. In a motor-vehicle, in combination, a vehicle-body, anaxlc, a cross-bar mounted upon said axle, a pivotal connection between said vehicle-body and said cross-bar, a turbine mounted on said axle, anda pivotal connection between said turbine and said vehicle-body substantially vertically'alined with i said first-mentioned ivota-l connection.

33. In a motor-ve iicle, in combination, a vehicle-body, an axle, a turbine mounted on said axle and ada ted to drive the same, a cross-bar inounte ad'acent said axle and supported thereon. at 0th sides of each of the wheels thereof, a pivotal connection between said cross-bar and said vehicle-body, and a second' ivotal connection between said vehicle-b0 y and the lower side of said turbine.

34. In combination; a vehicle-bod cni axle, a cross-bar'mounted adjacent sai axle, a transverse sprin bar springs adapted to support said vehic e-bod upon said spring- 3 bar, a pivotal connection )et-ween said springbar and said cross-bar, a source of power l mounted on said axle, and a pivotal conncction between a part of said source of power and saidvehicle-bodysubstantially vertically i bers engaging said axle at points adjacent said wheels, a cross-bar secured to said supporting members and adapted to transmit thereto a ortion of the Weight of the vehiclebody, soc ets mounted upon said supports, braces resting in said sockets, and means upon said axle against which said braces are adapted to abut.

37. In a motor-vehicle, in combination, an axle, wheels mounted upon said axle, supi porting members extending on either side of said wheels and resting upon said axle, a cross member mounted upon said supporting members and adaptedto transmit a ortion of the weight of the vehiclebody t ereto, sockets upon the inner sides of said supporting members, elastic means inclosed in said sockets, braces ada )ted to rest in said sockets and engage said elastic means, and means u on said axle against which said braces are adapted to abut.

38. In a motor-vehicle, in combination, an axle, wheels mounted upon said axle, supporting members extending on either side of saidwheels and resting upon said axle, a cross member mounted upon said supporting members and adapted to transmit a portion of the weight of the vehicle-body thereto, sockets-upon the inner sides of said supporting members, elastic means inclosed in said sockets, braces adapted to rest in said sockets and engagesaid elastic means, and a turbine mounted u )on saidnxlc against'the heads of which said races are adapted to abut.

39. In combination, an axle, a non-reciprocating engine thereon, a vehicle body, a cross-bar connected with said vehicle-body and supported upon said axle at cach side of i said engine, and means connecting said engine with said cross-bar.

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

llORJi'll O W. SOI'Tl IWORTII Witnesses:

W. H. Knxxnm', OIIAS. T. (onLs'r'n 

